Audit a networked printer as the computer it is
Task
Treat a network printer as a networked computer and audit it accordingly, then write the hardening plan -- because a multifunction device holds documents, has a web interface and frequently ships on default credentials.
Steps
- Record the device in
lab/printer/device.csvwith headermodel,firmware,address,how_addressed-- wherehow_addressedis static, reservation or plain DHCP. - Record which management services are enabled in
lab/printer/services.csvwith headerservice,enabled,needed,action-- theneededcolumn is your judgement andactionfollows from it. - Record in
lab/printer/storage.mdwhether the device has internal storage, whether it retains scanned or printed documents, and what the disposal obligation would be. - Write
lab/printer/hardening.csvwith headercontrol,current,target,effortcovering the administrative password, firmware currency, unused protocols, secure print and logging. - WHERE NO DEVICE IS AVAILABLE: write
lab/printer/fallback.mdrecording that, and complete the same four tables from a manufacturer's manual for a specific model.
Verify
ls lab/printer/device.csv lab/printer/fallback.md 2>/dev/null | wc -l
awk -F, 'NR>1 && NF>=4 {n++} END {print n+0" service(s) assessed"}' lab/printer/services.csv 2>/dev/null
awk -F, 'NR>1 && tolower($3)=="no" {n++} END {print n+0" service(s) not needed"}' lab/printer/services.csv 2>/dev/null
grep -Eic 'storage|retain|disposal' lab/printer/storage.md
awk -F, 'NR>1 && NF>=4 {n++} END {print n+0" hardening control(s)"}' lab/printer/hardening.csv
Either a real device or a documented fallback, services assessed with at least one judged unnecessary, a storage note, and five hardening controls. A device where every enabled service is judged necessary has not been looked at carefully -- printers ship with long protocol lists.
Notes
A leased multifunction device returned with its storage intact is a recurring real-world data breach. The disposal obligation belongs in the plan before the lease ends, not after.
This is an independent study companion for CompTIA A+ Core 1 220-1201 and is not produced by or endorsed by CompTIA.